Сравнение клапансохраняющих вмешательств с клапансодержащими кондуитами в хирургии корня аорты у больных с синдромом Марфана. Метаанализ ближайших и отдаленных результатов
Аннотация
Клапансохраняющие процедуры в хирургии корня аорты показывают хорошие краткосрочные и отдаленные результаты.
В то же время целесообразность выполнения клапансохраняющих операций у больных с синдромом Марфана является спорной. Данный метаанализ сравнивает ближайшие и отдаленные результаты клапансохраняющих процедур (КлСПр) против клапансодержащего кондуита (КлСКон) в хирургии корня аорты у больных с синдромом Марфана. Электронный поиск был выполнен в базах данных Medline, Embase, Cochrane и Web of Science. Первичными конечными точками исследования были
повторные вмешательства и летальность в группах КлСКон и КлСПр в отдаленном периоде. Также в рамках метаанализа
как первичная конечная точка была оценена поздняя аортальная недостаточность (АН) ≥+3/+4) в группе Бенталла и КлСПр.
Вторичные конечные точки включали показание к операции «острое расслоение аорты A-типа», 30-дневную летальность,
тромбоэмболию, эндокардит и кровотечение. Метаанализ был проведен в соответствии с рекомендациями PRISMA (Preferred
Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis) 2020. Были проанализированы результаты лечения 2618 больных
по методикам КлСПр и КлСКон. Группы КлСКон и КлСПр достоверно не различались по 30-дневной летальности (отношение
шансов (ОШ) 3,46; 95% ДИ 0,92—12,92; I2=0%; p=0,07). В отдаленном периоде тромбоэмболия (ОШ 2,77; 95% ДИ 1,44—
5,33; I2=0%; p=0,002), эндокардит (ОШ 3,19; 95% ДИ 1,18—8,61; I2=0%; p=0,02), кровотечение (ОШ 3,46; 95% CI 1,76—6,77;
I2=0%; p=0,0003) и летальность (ОШ 3,18; 95% ДИ 1,8—5,63; I2=12%; p<0,0001) статистически значимо чаще наблюдались
в группе КлСКон. В отдаленном периоде при сравнении групп Бенталла и Дэвида статистически значимо чаще аортальная недостаточность ≥+3/+4 отмечалась в группе реимплантаций (ОШ 0,17; 95% ДИ 0,05—0,52; I2=5%; p=0,002).
По результатам нашего исследования группа КлСПр в хирургии корня аорты у больных с синдромом Марфана показала
преимущество по частоте большинства послеоперационных осложнений и летальности. Но при этом группа КлСКон имело преимущество перед КлСПр по свободе от АН ≥+3/+4 в отдаленном периоде.
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